Other Pricing Techniques

Let's GO!

1. Promotional Pricing
- Companies used as they temporarily sell products below their normal price.
- Often done to introduce new or revamped product (Which means let the product alive again! if i'm not mistaken).
- For example, 0 air fair offered by Air Asia

2. Product Bundle Pricing
- Used when a company combine several of their products to promote them as a package.
- For example, Tours offers in packages

3. Discriminatory Pricing
- Allow an organization to sell a product or service at two or more prices with the product cost are the same.
- For example, Local and International Tourist

4. Price Spread and Price Point
- Price Spread is where the price of the product that suit the budget of all markets.
- Like it is affordable to everyone.
- For example, Parking tickets fees

- Price Points is where the price setting in between of lowest and highest priced item.
- For example, price of dishes at RM5 to RM10 or RM10 to RM20

5. Discounting
- Offering a special price to attract customers
- For example, Airline or hotels will offer discounted rates in low season.

6. Yield
Don't care about this la. lol

NOTE: Most of the explanation are same as what stated in the notes. You know why? Because I can't find any of these in the marketing book that on my hand.

And! I think probably the lecturer will ask for 5 answers from here.
So, forget about Yield. BUT I'M NOT SURE! DON"T BLAME ME AHH!! hahahha


Good luck!

Pricing Strategies for New Product

There are three Pricing Strategies for New Product
1. Prestige Pricing
2. Market Skimming
3. Market Penetration

Now let's see which I should explain...

Anyway, the Market Skimming and Market Penetration is the same as which you had included in the Product Life Cycle. Remember when in the "Introduction Stage"? It carries the same meaning. So, no need to worry about those two.

1. Prestige Pricing
- Setting high prices to position a product at the upper or luxury end of market
- Producing a high quality and charging the highest price.
- For example, Mercedes Benz and Rolex

Why they are considered as Prestige Pricing strategies?
This is because both brands are branded goods which have high quality and standards.
That is why you won't find them selling in Putatan. LOL.
Mostly you will find it in where? Town area.

2. Market Skimming
- Setting high prices at the launch stage and lowering slowly as the product becomes mature. (Same in PLC right?)
- Most product are in high demand in the early stage of the life cycle.
- That is why using Market Skimming may lead to profit maximization.
- For example, Handphones

3. Market Penetration
- Setting at lower price to get maximum sales and market share.
- Increase price slightly in the future.
- For example, (ehhhh...... ) haha!


Happy Reading!

Functions of the Distribution System

There are 6 Functions of the Distribution System
1. Acquiring Information
2. Promotion
3. Contact
4. Negotiation
5. Physical Distribution
6. Financing

Let me introduce ^.^

When you see the word ‘function’, straight away you think in your mind of the word “WHY?”
Or else, remember the “5W1H” or in the other way round which is 1 husband have 5 wives. (like Zul. Lol.)
You know what this means?
1 H is How
5 W is Who, What, Where, Why and When

Ask yourself, “Why Distribution system needed in a company?” or “What is the use of it?”
Then you’ll know how to answer and elaborate all of these.

Distribution - Direct and Indirect

Distribution is considered as ‘Place’ in marketing mix.

There are 2 types of distribution, which are…
1. Direct Distribution Channel
2. Indirect Distribution Channel

Now let us go into these two distribution channels

Direct Distribution Channel
It is a channel which a company delivers its product to the consumer without the outside assistance of any intermediaries. For example, Bed and Breakfast.
This means that, if a company uses Direct Distribution Channel then they deliver the company’s product or service without any middle man. They do everything on their own without any help from the outsiders.

Indirect Distribution Channel
It is a channel which a company delivers its product to the consumer with the assistance of independent intermediaries. For example, Travel agents, Tour Operators, and Travel Specialists.
This means that, if a company uses Indirect Distribution Channel, they will need the help of middle man as to attract consumer to the product, service, or destination. You can give more explanation by saying that “Travel Agents help a company to...”

Good luck!

Tips for Marketing

Chapter 3
Tourism Marketing Environment

Chapter 4
Marketing Information System
Marketing Research

Chapter 7
New Product Development (NPD)

Chapter 8
Product Life Cycle (PLC)

Chapter 9
7 Factors Determining Pricing Decision
3 Pricing Strategies used in Positioning
3 Pricing for New Product
6 Other Pricing Strategies

Chapter 10
2 Types of Distribution
6 Functions of Distribution System
4 Marketing Intermediaries
4 Functions of Travel Agent

Chapter 11
5 Types of Advertising
Word of Mouth - 1o reason of word of mouth
Note: There will be a question which include the whole topic of Chapter 11. So Read all Chapter 11 better.

Tips for Moral

There will be 3 sections in the Final Exam for Moral

Section A: Objective (40marks)
Section B: Short Answer (20marks)
Section C: Essay (4 Questions only need to choose 2)

Essay either will come out the topic or chapter of:
1. Moral Standard/ Value/ Religion
2. Religion (Islam/ Christian/ Buddhism/ ...)
3. Theory (Consequenism/ Non-Consequenism/ Utilitarianism/...)
4. Moral Issue (Examples will be from Group Assignments)

Tips for TMG2106

Hia everybody!
It's been a long long time I update this blog with words and stuffs about our subjects.
Well, not to worry because now I'm going to post up the tips for TMG2106!

Enjoy and study well!

Unit 1: Five General Functions
Unit 2: Four Managerial Skills
Unit 3: Three aspect of Delegations and Performance Appraisal (No need to study The Control Process)
Unit 5: Two types of Theory (No need to study Vroom's Expectancy only)
Unit 6: All (No need to study Task Oriented vs People Oriented in Page 2 and Situation Theories in Page 5 & 6)
Unit 7: Which you feel it's important

To be continue...

TJA1120 revision...

TJA1120
Paper will be consists of…

1. Greetings phrase
If the questions ask you to define pictures or phrase of words, then you need to put in the Hiragana of greetings.
Bare in mind, greetings normally used in Hiragana.
For example,
Good night = おやすみなさい (oyasuminasai)
Good bye = さようなら (sayonara)
Excuse me = すみません

2. Objects with pictures
This is to define and answer in Hiragana or Katakana of what is in the picture that has shown. Maybe it’s an object or human, you’ll never know.

3. Dates, Day, Month will be given in Hiragana then we answer in English
Lecturers ease our mind by giving us a easier question this time. All we need to do is answer in writing English words to fill the empty place.

4. Rearrange sentences
This will show in a messy form of message where by students need to rearrange the sentences by defining. For me, the last word which is the easiest "です” and so on

5. Sentences parts.
For examples, は, へ, も, を had shown in the question paper and all we need to do is apply to the empty place.

6. Fill in the blacks
Answers will be given in a box and you choose to answer

GOOD LUCK TO ALL OF YOU AND HAPPY HOLIDAYS!!!

Flight Reservation Revision...

Hey guys!
I just remembered that I post TMG107 Unit 3 about the airfares earlier in..
Februry or January I guess.

So, have a look by clicking the link below
http://studywithchloe.blogspot.com/2009/01/unit-3-fares-and-pricing.html

GOOD LUCK TO ALL OF YOU!!!!

Wow.. what a short short post. LOL

TMG1105 Revision

Hi everybody!
I'm extremely happy (LOL... english pula) that students come in and out to this blog and some just stay in this blog like Leo. Hahahaa.

Actually I have no idea of how this paper can come out because mostly in the notes are stories.
Probably you all may have to treat this subject as a story telling.
Write whatever you wanna right as long as it is logic.

And more, Miss Venezuela had given full explanation in the notes so I think I don't need to type here la..
The notes that given by her is superb already.
But, if really have things to ask, then you guys tell me then I try try to help help. LOL

Unit 1
I had post it in this blog during the early February.
So, you all may read through by clicking the link below.
http://studywithchloe.blogspot.com/2009/02/unit-1-identifying-and-categorizing.html
I tell you ahh.. it's almost same in the notes.

Unit 2, 7, 8, 9
Read yourself (Chloe so bad hahha)

Unit 10
The Planning Process

I'm giving a very very very simple example only.
Don't follow exactly but just have an idea in your mind okay?

Now since you are developing a local destination, you must need to make plannings.
Plannings of...
What visitors you wanna attract (market)? Which place you are deciding to do the development?
Do you have enough money to make this destination? How big is your project?
Future Problems: When the economy is down, what will you do to overcome?
Everything needed to be think in doing plannings.

Let's take... ERmm... (I'm out of ideassss...)
Okay! Let's take One Borneo.
Now, I want you all to pretend that One Borneo haven't open yet.
IN YOUR MIND : No One Borneo!!! (Sorry laa.. haha)
NOTICE: 1 BORNEO DEVELOPER and CLIENT PLS DON'T SUE ME, JUST EXAMPLES FOR STUDIES

Here's the story.
Before 1 Borneo open, the developer must have plannings with his or her friends. Maybe share holders?
Then.. planning comes to their head.. *thinking thinking*

1. Define the system
Developers start with the objective. Objective is something that you planned and you want it to happen (maybe).
So, the developer think of what market they want? Locals or Foreigners? and so on...

2. Gathering Data
Then the developer ask his or her friends who wanna join venture with the developer about what they need to open in 1 Borneo and so on..

Case 1
"Ah.. LingLing, do research of how many storey we need to develop if we want to open 5 star shopping mall ahh!"
"Okay okay, I'll check in the internet"
So, they gathering datas by internet...

Case 2
"Haiyo.. City Mall don't have cinema oh. Our future 1Borneo want cinema or not? Which cinema good?"
"I help you to do survey from the locals", said Ah Beng
So, they gathering datas by survey...

3. Analyze and Interpret
After you gather all the datas, you need to make a conclusion or summary.

Case 1
"LingLing, how was your research for 5 star shopping mall?"
"Want to include hotels then can be 5 stars oh!"
"Ok ok then we think about it"

Case 2
"Ah Beng, due to your research, do we need to include cinema?"
"Oh yes! Everyone loves it and we have 98% of people who say YES!"
"Ok, which cinema?"
"GSC"
"Good, then we need to discuss with GSC boss"

4. Create the preliminary plan
The developer need to go on with his or her plans by hiring architect, engineer, quantity surveyor (like me!! haha), contractor, and so on. Why? Because they need to discuss everything include the design, the stability of the building whether the soil (tanah) can support this big building or not and maybe the materials, the cost, and so on. If you don't discuss with this people, who knows the soil can't support this big building and BOOM!? So, is a must to discuss with QS (me)~~ LOL

5. Approve the Plan
After the professional people approved that "This 1Borneo plan can go on wooo~"
Then, they will start.

6. Create the Final Plan
Now, when a building haven't finish develop, of course it will be dirty and full of soils, aggregates, water, and so on right?
So, you won't make your landscape before a development. If you do, waste your money only because once your gardens kena cement, then all die. No use.

So the final plan will be, landscape for trees, flowers. How wide of lanscape you want?
Then roads for going in to the shopping mall. How many roads?
Parking outside the shopping mall. How big?

WARNING: All Land must follow the LAND LAW. (TOURISM STUDENT IGNORE THIS)
I include the warning because not everyone know about land law. If you wanna develop, not all the land that people can use. That's why you have to stick to the land law for not respecting the clauses.

7. Implement the Plan
Finally, every plans are approved and the developer's friend also agree.
So, they proceed their work and One Borneo open happily!!

GOOD LUCK FOR TOMORROW!!!

Customer Service Revision Again...

Unit 7

Benchmarking

Let's take an example.
Company A and Company B, both are supplying Handphones.

Company A, design handphones WITHOUT camera function.
Company B, design handphones WITH camera funciton.
So in this modern days, people wants handphones with camera or not? Want right? "YES I WANT!"
In this case, Company B get more business than Company A.

If you were Company A, do you want to continue your business by selling handphones without camera or not?
No right? You didn't earn anything but just see Company B sellings and they increase their business day by day because YOU DIDN'T SELL CAMERA PHONES!

So you jealous.. LOL
Then you do benchmarking in order to gain your business again.
You do benchmarking to improve your business.
You do benchmarking to set a point to win business.
You use benchmarking as a guidelines and reference point.
Once you make benchmarking you need to process and take action to improve.

So, Company B design the camera phone 2MP then Company A design camera phone with 5MP!
Who win now?
Company A

You see, business never stops and people (competitors) will make improvements to increase business.
Then Company B don't wanna lose and design phones with 5 colours.
Company A know about it and decided to design phones with 10 colours.
Who win now?
Still... Company A

But bare in mind that it won't be Company A always the winner.
Company B might be the winner as well.
Who knows, Company A don't have money to improve their designs?
So, who win that time?
Company B (orang kaya)

So, benchmarking is just like a process of improvement.

Feedback, you know I know.
No need to give you Hahaha.

Picture Below: Sample of Benchmarking

Hope you guys understand what I'm trying to interpret here!

Good luck for tomorrow's!

Customer Service Revision

Hi guys! It's been a while we didn't meet hahahahha! JUST A FEW DAYSSSS!
So, here you go a summary of TMG1104.
I'm not giving every single tips detailly in this subject because some of them had clearly stated in notes.

Unit 1
We learnt about Customer Services and Customer. So, what is the difference of these two?

Customer Service (Product and Service)
- A service that provides to customers before, during and after purchase.
- Designed to increase the level of customer's satisfaction.
- Make more business by giving good image and reputation to customers.

Customer (Orang)
- An individual or group of individuals who receives one or more product or services.
- Someone who purchase something from the service provider.
- Involves exchange of money and value between Customer Provider and Customer.

Unit 2
We learnt about Personal Presentation where it is related to our own Image.
For example, did you comb your hair and leave it tidy when you serve your customer? Haha.

Now, The Importance of Personal Presentation have to be focus by every human because
it is an important impression towards the company. So if you have this, you will help your company by having....
1. Good image.
2. Repeat Business.
3. Different from Competitors.
4. Profit maximization.
5. Retain customers.
6. Attract new customers.
7. Good reputation.
8. Outstanding.
9. Customer satisfaction.

Unit 3
We learnt about Types of Customers and there are 2 of them which is the External and Internal Customers.
What is the difference of these both?

We take is this way..
Students as the External Customer of Inti College and Lecturer as the Internal Customer of Inti College.

External Customer
- Receive product, services or information. (Student receive education)
- Not part of the organisation who giving the services and product. (Students are not employee)
- Have the right to take business elsewhere. (Students may change school anytime if they're not satisfied)
WARNING: It's just an example ahh. Don't you take this seriously... later I kena buang. HAHA

Internal Customer
- Provide product, services or information. (Lecturer provide education)
- Can be anyone within an organisation. (Employees of Inti College)
- To satisfy the needs and wants of external customers. (Satisfy students by improve their internet facility)

Unit 7
This chapter, our lecturer had skip it and just let us know where is the importance once.
I will try my best to make you all understand about this.

Importance of Assessing the Quality of Customer Service
1. Customer Service Evaluation
When you read the word "Evaluation" isn't it familiar? We, Inti Students do make evaluations of Lecturers and College right? It's the same thing. Once we make an evaluation, Inti College Sabah did change their facilities right? Think about it. Why they let us student do the evaluation? This is because the college wants to hear our words in order to make us satisfied.

So, Customer Service Evaluation also the same. This "evaluation" are given to find out whether the customer are satisfied with the products and services offered.

2. Service Quality Improvement
Let me start with the college thingy first. Okay, after evaluation, of course the management will find out that there are some students are highly dissatisfied or satisfied with the services or facilities. By that, the management will take action to improve our college's facilities and to make the students satisfied. For example, internet lines all over the college area.

So in your notes, it's the same as what I've said. Once the organisation or management understand that they are so damn bad hahaa.. (Don't be rude Chloe...) After they found out there are dissatisfaction from the customers, the management will improve themselve with the comments or feedbacks from the customers.

Try to read all over and over again if you can't understand what I typed. (T.T)

Customer Satisfaction, Customer Retention, and Business Growth.. I don't care la.. It's the same in the notes in Unit 1.
So read yourself okay?

Benchmarking and Feedbacks let me read first..
I'll find ways to make you all easy to understand benchmarking because I also trying to get the point.
I don't promise that I will post it here ahh.. No time No time.. LOL!
Alios! Chaos! Sayonara!

Finals Preparation

All papers and subjects will be consists of 6 Questions and students just need to answer 4 Question out of it.

TMG1107
Unit 1
1. ARC
2. Types of Flight Services and Air Journeys

.

Unit 2

1. Reservation and customer services (Pg 10 and 11)

Unit 3
1. Fare rules Calculation Terms (All)
2. Other Types of Discounted Fare (All)
3. Fare Rules (All)
4. Breakdown of Fare Scan Display

Unit 4
1. ARC Ticket Stock (All)
2. Weekly sales report
3. Section of A ticket document
4. Ticket validation
5. Completing a ticket
6. Electronic ticketing
7. Discount fare ticketing

Unit 5, Unit 6, Unit 7 and Unit 8

All

TMG1105
Unit 1 and Unit 2
Focus on the definition which is also the meanings of every subtopic.

Unit 3, Unit 4, Unit 5 and Unit 6
No need study because students had done their assignments with these Units

Unit 7, Unit 8 and Unit 10

All

Unit 9

Read it as a story to understand

TMG1104
Students already know right since everyone was there yesterday.

ENL156
Student focus on Passive and Active better… haha

TJA1120
Paper will be consists of…
1. Greetings phrase
2. Objects with pictures
3. Dates, Day, Month will be given in Hiragana then we write English for answers
4. Rearrange sentences
5. Sentences parts. For examples, は,へ,も,を
6. Fill in the blacks (answers will be given in a box and you choose to answer)

STUDY HARD AND GOOD LUCK FOLKS!